Specifications
The composition and sulfur content ratio of LP gas supplied within Japan adheres to criteria specified in JIS and "The Law Concerning the Securing of Safety and the Optimization of Transaction of Liquefied Petroleum Gas".In addition, Japan LP Gas Association also has its own set of criteria which endeavors to set guidelines to guarantee the preservation of reasonable quality standards by enforcing the addition of methyl alcohol (during winter) to prevent residential-use regulating apparatus from freezing up, controlling 1.3-butadiene content (less than 0.1wt%), and controlling mercury content (propane: 0.009mg/Nm3 or less, butane: 0.080mg/Nm3).
Japan Industrial Standards
| Type | Item | Composition (mol%) |
sulphur content (molarity%) |
steam pressure (40℃) (Mpa) |
density (15℃) (g/cm3) |
copper sheet corrosion (40℃, 1h) |
main uses | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ethane +ethylene |
propane +propylene |
butane +butylene |
butadiene | |||||||
| Class 1 | No.1 | 5 or less |
80 or more |
20 or less |
0.5 or less |
0.0050 or less |
1.53 or less |
0.500 ～ 0.620 |
1 or less |
fuel for residential use fuel for commercial use |
| No.2 | 60 or more less than 80 |
40 or less |
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| No.3 | less than 60 |
30 or more |
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| Class 2 | No.1 | ― | 90 or more |
10 or less |
―（NB） | 1.55 or less |
fuel for industrial use raw materials for industrial use fuel for automobile use |
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| No.2 | 50 or more less than 90 |
50 or less |
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| No.3 | less than 50 |
50 or more less than 90 |
1.25 or less |
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| No.4 | 10 or less |
90 or more |
0.52 or less |
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(NB)In the case of automobile use, industrial use (fuel and raw materials), and all other uses, butadiene content must not be an impediment to the intended purpose of use.
Environmental factor
The carbon dioxide emission factor conversion index from the combustion of LP gas is 0.86 in terms of crude oil being 1, which is approximately 10% lower than gasoline, kerosene and other petroleum products, and thus puts it environmentally into the top class of fossil fuels including LNG.
CO2 emission factor resulting from combustion of various fuels
| t-C/GJ | t-CO2/GJ | t-CO2/unit amount |
index | calorific value (GJ)/ unit amount |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| coal (ordinary charcoal) |
0.0247 | 0.0906 | 2.33 (t) | 1.32 | 25.7 (t) |
| crude oil | 0.0187 | 0.0686 | 2.62 (kl) | 1.00 | 38.2 (kl) |
| gasoline | 0.0183 | 0.0671 | 2.32 (kl) | 0.98 | 34.6 (kl) |
| kerosene | 0.0185 | 0.0678 | 2.49 (kl) | 0.99 | 36.7 (kl) |
| Bunker A | 0.0189 | 0.0693 | 2.71 (kl) | 1.01 | 39.1 (kl) |
| LP gas | 0.0161 | 0.0590 | 3.00 (t) | 0.86 | 50.8 (t) |
| LNG | 0.0135 | 0.0495 | 2.70 (t) | 0.72 | 54.6 (t) |
| city gas | 0.0136 | 0.0499 | 2.23 (1000Nm3) | 0.73 | 44.8 (1000Nm3) |
Source : Ministry of Environment "Ministerial Ordinance Concerning Calculation of Volume of Greenhouse Gas Emission through Pursuit of Special Emitter's Business Activities"
Breakdown of propane and butane CO2 emission output level
| per kilogram | per cubic meter | |
|---|---|---|
| propane | 3.0kg | 6.0kg |
| butane | 3.0kg | 8.5kg |
Furthermore, when the volume of emissions occurring at the production and transport stages are included, with petroleum represented as 1, the index conversion rate is 0.90, which is roughly the same low emission volume level as city gas and LNG.
CO2 emission volume (LCI) including the production and transport stages
| emission factor [g-CO2/MJ] | index | |
|---|---|---|
| petroleum | 73.98 | 1.00 |
| coal | 94.98 | 1.28 |
| LNG | 61.57 | 0.83 |
| city gas | 62.95 | 0.85 |
| LP gas | 65.71 | 0.89 |
